Bangasternus fausti9Kq5zSpzSFx-V1FnePKo3Wve_adCaOGevQN-Phk6WS8seed head weevil1989WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100JuneSweep net/racquetAdultBest collecting at bud stage.Calophasia lunula nPR4UJGcK7gDODenr8tlr6oH1mQM5N7PnatFxNAtZQsdefoliating moth1982LimitedLightFairLimited100-200Jun-JulHandpick larvaeLarvaOccurs in Wallowa Co., release 1-2 larvae per plant.Metzneria paucipunctella 0imV_n4D-rLhiY3qVMxblSSjZoSlo-VhxcuePstzRtgseed head moth1981LimitedLightPoorLimited200MarchHarvest infested seed headsLarva/pupaExperimental, recovered in one county.Tetranychus lintearius wtExTHpIqw1axRwiXm8UD91rmnDWUdSDPSTIc52OdNcspider mite1994WidespreadLightPoorLimited500Aug-SepHarvest infested plantsAllLimited by predatory mite, ineffective agent.Trichosirocalus horridus16e1e638-1e84-4589-bdff-104f0126d5a8crown/root weevil1994WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Feb-MaySweep net/beating sheetAdultDouglas County onlyUrophora quadrifasciata tvlNG2Ta5M8tHB-60bJVJR6brxfnd1YvzjgNuZyYtAAseed head gall fly1979WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-AugAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Aphthona czwalinaepFTRoIs6LKnWOQHnMAZv7TopJrrasxG8lDRtoYibdqUroot/defoliating flea beetle1993WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jun-JulSweep netAdultLess common, difficult to tell from and usually mixed with A. lacertosa.Aphthona flavaoSPiJ9M3I054GRgClXetOGjxwJIKcQUJNpwJyL6Y3mAroot/defoliating flea beetle1989WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jun-JulSweep netAdultLess common in species complexMetzneria paucipunctella0imV_n4D-rLhiY3qVMxblSSjZoSlo-VhxcuePstzRtgseed head moth1981LimitedLightPoorLimited200MarchHarvest infested seed headsLarva/pupaOccurs in Hood River and Douglas Counties, heavily parasitized.Microlarinus lareynii fddiQ-9g8thElBbEsfZBilAX-JfqBcX__hy7wmg7-lsseed head weevil1963LimitedLightFairMass100Aug-SepAspirateAdultSusceptible to cold winters, lift stems and aspirate adults when they move.Microlarinus lypriformisgVywwtrn1V759NLNqChwUqZ2u6kRyIPfsCPi0EBzlmIstem boring weevil1963UnknownUnknownUnknownN/A100Aug-SepAspirateAdultSusceptible to cold winters, collection methods same as M. lareynii, not known to occur in OR. Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis2df735e8-d5a8-43ee-98f4-57dd49a8427bRust fungusMecinus janthiniformisi4eWhOBqSz_V-zogvwgpA63ks7zouxYysZBzRGv9zGsstem boring weevil2001WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100May-JunSweep net/racquetAdultExcellent biocontrol agent.Bradyrrhoa gilveolellaSVVyihNjwwnghoKL_fTTHXgnCqIcmULGosTjxAj-VqAroot boring moth2005LimitedUnknownUnknownN/A100-200JunUnknownEgg/LarvaExperimental, source colony was lab reared.Urophora quadrifasciatatvlNG2Ta5M8tHB-60bJVJR6brxfnd1YvzjgNuZyYtAAseed head gall fly1979WidespreadMediumPoorMass100May-JunAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Aplocera plagiatagYr3o_GxAaMW_2PtXPq7LAM3AvZAW7UCi0PA_s8Ga3Ydefoliating moth1989WidespreadMediumPoorMass100-200Jun-JulBeating sheet/racquetLarvaRelease 2-3 larvae per square meter.Bangasternus fausti9Kq5zSpzSFx-V1FnePKo3Wve_adCaOGevQN-Phk6WS8seed head weevil1989WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultBest collected at bud stage.Trichosirocalus horridusd477c026-7287-4e49-9515-6bac70cd1df1crown/root fly1994WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Feb-MaySweep net/beating sheetAdultDouglas County onlyTyria jacobaeaec4pMU8918oUsNnXbguAtMgQ9zHh7X5iFLI7qI4q1MnMdefoliating moth1960WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass*250-500*Jun-Jul*Handpick*Larva** Not recommended for Eastern Oregon where it feeds on some native plants (Senecio spp.).Urophora quadrifasciata tvlNG2Ta5M8tHB-60bJVJR6brxfnd1YvzjgNuZyYtAAseed head gall fly1979WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-AugAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Urophora sirunaseva3evUf0gcdoPGGCLaZIn0zH36RKUwq5GGLpmGsQ-uonMseed head fly1985WidespreadLightPoorLimited100May-JunAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Can also move with bouquets of infested seed heads in March.Rhinocyllus conicusyHLQuh1q5IbgCkwcDVS4gXOAHSlDMWS2Z1FlqsGlTmsseed head weevil1979WidespreadMediumFairMass*100*June*Sweep net/racquet*Adult** Not recommended, attacks native thistles, interstate shipment prohibited.Botanophila seneciella iOGIqYk5hiszwna9t4UcgrgQ9WsW4pKX2NaKLNPekiIseed head fly1966WidespreadLightPoorMass01/03/0100 12:00:00 AMAugustHarvest infested seed headsLarvaNo need for further redistribution.Metzneria paucipunctella0imV_n4D-rLhiY3qVMxblSSjZoSlo-VhxcuePstzRtgseed head moth1981WidespreadLightFairLimited200MarchHarvest infested seed headsLarva/pupaMay contain pest mites, do not store.Agapeta zoegana63dd6479-c632-476f-ac4e-5ab17ef702ccroot boring moth1987WidespreadHeavyGoodLimited50-100JulyLight trapAdultLow density make hard to collect.Bangasternus orientalis343fd620-e7fa-47e9-833e-910768efa525seed head weevil1885WidespreadLightPoorLimited100-200May-JunSweep netAdultOut competed by other agents, hard to find.Agrilus hyperici3d63585c-1309-470f-b5f4-bff4a8897ee9root/stem boring beetle1986LimitedHeavyExcellentMass04/12/0050 12:00:00 AMJun-JulSweep net/beating sheetAdultBest collected at 25-50% bloom, agent best at drier sitesAphthona lacertosa72aa4c0e-c130-4249-89d1-ac92e2b56a9froot/defoliating flea beetle1993WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jun-JulSweep netAdultOften present in species complex, better for wetter areas.Aphthona nigriscutis 4ee9c201-93be-42cc-b506-2b8af71e668droot/defoliating flea beetle1989WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jun-JulSweep netAdultOften present in species complex, better for drier areas.Aceria malherbae 88de5984-9c71-4bc7-b616-6057c66080e1bud/leaf gall mite1999LimitedHeavyGoodMass1000Jun-SepHarvest infested plantsAll1000 mites equals about 1 sandwich bag of infested plant material.Brachypterolus pulicariusNGqoO2gNawVR2yQtWIEPM84Qsy3ZbsitZq9HlpMPF1Qflower beetle1992WidespreadMediumPoorMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultAccidentally introduced in 1950s, approved in 1992.Brachypterolus pulicariusccea26d9-1904-460d-96d0-c2099a9d5bf4flower beetle1992LimitedMediumFairLimited100Jun-JulSweep netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Accidentally introduced in 1950's, approved in 1992.Bruchidius villosusrMB17Mjm3wL9TzOfSdQU7MeIRVIOfLcu2x7WjFdAIYAseed beetle1998WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Apr-MayBeating sheet/aspirateAdultNo need for further redistribution in Willamette Valley.Urophora stylataIZ7UbHGMSHslTIgdqVyaaTMU0JpCCiaca533VAI7J90seed head gall fly1988WidespreadHeavyGoodMass50 gallsNov-MarHarvest gallsLarva/pupaHarvest after first killing frost, scatter galls at release site.Chaetorellia acrolophiEMSMCudCCgoUwTn5p5dM4xvwbVfwSAuaNWccSgOmdqsseed head fly1993LimitedLightFairLimited100Jun-JulAerial netAdultGently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Chaetorellia australisaLL4juTPKe6NFzNSKsU003gomGtHJ1Vzw0u7YzQkvwEseed head fly1988WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100May-JunAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Cheilosia corydonaGB8g88fp63TOiM3cojxpIBOPs5xxG1uSn1OfkcvDHUcrown/root fly1991UnknownUnknownUnknownLimited100JulHarvest infested plantsPupaExperimental, not established on musk thistle.Chrysolina hyperici4KwXQ2EH5RStHXbL0Xa5-OdaCLSVz3vztaQ71R2yf80defoliating beetle1947WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep netAdultAdapted to wetter sites, no need for further redistribution.Chrysolina quadrigeminadbadf372-2941-4dfc-8a5d-7f42dd1d461ddefoliating beetle1948WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep netAdultAdapted to drier sites, no need for further redistribution.Coleophora klimeschiella15b5343a-9888-401c-ab06-0dfc57796a88leaf mining moth1973WidespreadMediumPoorMass100Aug-SepHarvest infested plantsLarva/pupaDeposit infested plant materials at site.Coleophora parthenica11128b26-8f52-4c60-95fb-7b11d9054ce3stem boring moth1973WidespreadMediumPoorMass100Aug-SepHarvest infested plantsLarva/pupaNo need for further redistribution.Cystiphora schmidti gBFuTlRRr8FibVkC7uZDg0HfAUx-imdtW9udR52P-10stem/leaf gall midge1978WidespreadHeavyGoodMass250Jun-AugHarvest infested plantsLarvaPlace infested bouquets at release site, heavily parasitized late in season.Diorhabda elongatawq_jAOIai77AK0_K8xOA7H8jau2MNWrWS9TXpw1_8XYdefoliating beetle2003WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jul-AugSweep net/racquetAdultAdapted to wetter sites, no need for further redistribution.Eustenopus villosusXruMaD3eoNpS2dQ_WzHitD9PencpDjWkuQe67ApFe1Mseed head weevil1990WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep netAdultBest collected at 5-10% bloomGalerucella pusillaXKv4sy0XTcbKOhO-85U_4ZOqA-1yoFsVcpokApwfDTUdefoliating beetle1992WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100May, JulSweep netAdultRelease in one spot.Gymnetron antirrhiniCd6e-QEuFU15jyhWNLlAoDZELPTl6b59bTfIFGmo_cEseed head weevil1996WidespreadMediumFairMass100Jun-JulSweep netAdultNo need for further redistribution.Gymnetron antirrhini Cd6e-QEuFU15jyhWNLlAoDZELPTl6b59bTfIFGmo_cEseed head weevil1996WidespreadMediumFairMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultNo need for further redistribution.Larinus curtusBKxXA31ExfLkS4WbTVIWD897vjyK5whTAyWBxMOv0OMseed head weevil1992WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jul-AugSweep netAdultLimited distribution in W. OR. Interstate movement not permitted due to diseased populations.Larinus minutusMlNejeD2XfaNrjTW-vRTB3Cq0yRr9SihicfIVzwK1sQseed head weevil1992WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultBest collecting at 20-50% bloom.Larinus minutusMlNejeD2XfaNrjTW-vRTB3Cq0yRr9SihicfIVzwK1sQseed head weevil1992LimitedMediumFairLimited100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultDisplaced by L. obtususLarinus obtususCfXYgPQd5FDdZImBY3ZTnHpZO38iG6o2OSVm0CyYA1Useed head weevil1994WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultBest collected after 10% bloom.Larinus obtususCfXYgPQd5FDdZImBY3ZTnHpZO38iG6o2OSVm0CyYA1Useed head weevil1994WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultBest collected after 10% bloom.Leucoptera spartifoliellaiKNtq1h785W78x3P4JRVABqOJzcOvvxPwECk38wFli4twig mining moth1970WidespreadMediumPoorMass100May-JunHarvest infested plantsLarva/pupaPlace out infested bouquets. Longitarsus jacobaeaelV3RPfkIY0J-2lMv_FcNSNcktTaF5dG7K3VYEw30uNQroot/defoliating flee beetle1971WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass07/20/0100 12:00:00 AMOct-NovVacuumAdultMost effictive agent, no need for further redistributionRhinocyllus conicusyHLQuh1q5IbgCkwcDVS4gXOAHSlDMWS2Z1FlqsGlTmsseed head weevil1979WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass*100*April*Sweep net/racquet*Adult** Not recommended, attacks native thistles, interstate shipment prohibited.Rhinocyllus conicusyHLQuh1q5IbgCkwcDVS4gXOAHSlDMWS2Z1FlqsGlTmsseed head weevil1979WidespreadHeavyGoodMass*100April*Sweep net/racquet*Adult** Not recommended, attacks native thistles, interstate shipment prohibited.Sphenoptera jugoslavicaWbJZa8dBodNquVqbZwm7fG_imAhn_wzS9uAAyLtBw7Iroot boring beetle1980WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-JulSweep netAdultLow density make hard to collect, best to sweep plants in the evening.Sphenoptera jugoslavicaWbJZa8dBodNquVqbZwm7fG_imAhn_wzS9uAAyLtBw7Iroot boring beetle1980WidespreadHeavyFairLimited100Jun-JulSweep netAdultLow density make hard to collect.Subanquina picridisfd19a172-65fc-4e21-86f4-fe11f3eab076gall nematode1990LimitedSlightFairLimited1000FallHarvest infested plants/soilAllLimited to wet sites, very slow spreading (about 6 inches per year).Terellia virensBFHGP-Ji-2lFzAir7y81toiUj7Q2pGEql4unugzdPIIseed head fly1993LimitedMediumGoodLimited100Jun-JulAerial netAdultBody light green. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Trichosirocalus horridus8196062d-a302-4889-8d02-33142472ecaccrown/root weevil1994LimitedHeavyGoodMass100Mar, JulSweep net/racquetAdultCollectable in Klamath County only.Tyta luctuosajqFTSmWe7QB2pSqO2TTp9XDhFSK35xC8T9wI8pH9_Jgdefoliating moth1998LimitedUnknownUnknownLimitedJun-SepLight trapAdultDifficult to collect, early August is best; release 200 larvae (2-3 larvae per square meter)Urophora affinis SV9IV1_YMUmPq14rBDqg1qfBjHnGvZCy9JVHwHzYk9Mseed head gall fly1975WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-AugAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Urophora affinisSV9IV1_YMUmPq14rBDqg1qfBjHnGvZCy9JVHwHzYk9Mseed head gall fly1975WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Jun-AugAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Urophora cardui _6eNnC2XqsClQndn_nAmSvJPP7eL9KO4dJk0UzbTgXIstem gall fly1980WidespreadHeavyFairMass50 gallsNov-MarHarvest gallsLarva/pupaHarvest after first frost, scatter galls at release site.Urophora quadrifasciatatvlNG2Ta5M8tHB-60bJVJR6brxfnd1YvzjgNuZyYtAAseed head gall fly1979WidespreadMediumPoorMass100May-JunAerial netAdultNo need for further redistribution. Gently sweep seed heads at bud stage, aspirate from net.Rhinocyllus conicusyHLQuh1q5IbgCkwcDVS4gXOAHSlDMWS2Z1FlqsGlTmsseed head weevil1979WidespreadHeavyFairMass*100*May-Jun*Sweep net/racquet*Adult** Not recommended, attacks native thistles, interstate shipment prohibited.Ceutorhynchus lituraxBRUzC-zoEe4WUbcJRcl-0mnkYgaykHQSQ7NIVtQW0Mcrown/root weevil1981LimitedHeavyGoodMass100Mar-AprAspirate from rosettesAdultPlants 1-4 inches tall best for collecting and releases.Cheilosia corydonaGB8g88fp63TOiM3cojxpIBOPs5xxG1uSn1OfkcvDHUcrown/root fly1991WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulHarvest infested plantsPupaNo need for further redistribution.Aphthona cyparissiaeERCty9oBFdM2hICvLxwfq4HcutS0zA8nQMQmGqkzALsroot/defoliating flea beetle1989WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500Jun-JulSweep netAdultOften present in species complexRhinocyllus conicusyHLQuh1q5IbgCkwcDVS4gXOAHSlDMWS2Z1FlqsGlTmsseed head weevil1979WidespreadHeavyGoodMass*100*April*Sweep net/racquet*Adult** Not recommended, attacks native thistles, interstate shipment prohibited.Galerucella calmariensislK8eDTTUSPB6cHnW82IMXIZV7K-51QAReHJCCYK1k9sdefoliating beetle1992WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass500May, JulSweep netAdultRelease in one spot.Cheilosia corydonaGB8g88fp63TOiM3cojxpIBOPs5xxG1uSn1OfkcvDHUcrown/root fly1991WidespreadMediumFairMass100Jun-JulHarvest infested plantsPupaNo need for further redistribution.Phrydiuchus tauXLXiGZYAt2OHK4fq2BZtqMVrKpTqNCUFW9PDLf-5aqkcrown/root fly1991UnknownUnknownUnknownLimited100JulyHarvest infested plantsPupaExperimental, not established on musk thistle.Pterolonche inspersapUneNHSlFdR5a5j8gv5j6eIaA-l-GUtU3KFuwvR1pKcroot boring moth1997LimitedLightPoorLimited200Jun-JulEgg transferEggExperimental, population extremely limited.Oberea erythrocephala PY0eESDs4U9iWJECLE-oynkY163oifghp9_UN6YZubwroot/stem boring beetle1982WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100JulySweep netAdultLook for girdled upper quarter of plants.Hylobius transversovittatusle2zAxlNOQIoBL-kA0EIhZEZgDR2DHuVWp8fGqm_4Vsroot boring moth2005LimitedUnknownUnknownN/A500JunUnknownEgg/LarvaExperimental, source colony was lab reared.Nanophyes marmoratusF7hDWfPA5zCiXwxBu07ZljsWVewGz7Ha5-ceNYzpAIcseed head weevil1994WidespreadMediumFairMass100JulSweep net/beating sheetAdultCollect from off of seed heads.Mecinous janthinusi4eWhOBqSz_V-zogvwgpA63ks7zouxYysZBzRGv9zGsstem boring weevil2001unkownUnknownUnknownunknown100May-JunSweep net/racquetAdultImporting strain adapted to L. vulgaris.Cyphocleonus achatesgBFuTlRRr8FibVkC7uZDg0HfAUx-imdtW9udR52P-10root weevil1993LimitedHeavyFairMass50-100Sept.Handpick adultsAdultDisperse at release site.Galerucella calmariensislK8eDTTUSPB6cHnW82IMXIZV7K-51QAReHJCCYK1k9sroot weevil1992WidespreadHeavyGoodLimited100-200Jul-AugHandpickAdultCan rear from infested material.Larinus minutusMlNejeD2XfaNrjTW-vRTB3Cq0yRr9SihicfIVzwK1sQseed head weevil1992WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass100Jun-JulSweep net/racquetAdultBest collected after 10% bloom.Exapion fuscirostre emJckputMxhhwGtHgmoWZABo-SO-J-LdQfgxNF9eFtoseed weevil1983WidespreadHeavyGoodMass100Apr-MayBeating sheet/aspirateAdultNo need for further redistribution in Willamette Valley.Exapion ulicis CyopVlxtjDXtA536kZHHOpugsTeuNQEr0vSnCi-HCOwseed weevil1956WidespreadHeavyGoodMassApr-MaySweep net/racquetAdultNo need for further redistribution.Eriophyes chondrillae5223f88e-2d16-4297-be57-6689e24bd7bebud gall mite1978WidespreadHeavyExcellentMass1000Jun-AugHarvest infested plantsAdultPlace galls onto uninfested plants. Puccinia chondrillina74d9c3a4-13fa-477c-8cef-b207d9228b88leaf rust fungus1978WidespreadHeavyGoodMass-May-JunHarvest infested plantsSporePlace infested bouquets at release site, pathogen requires moist conditions.